Application of frankincense and rice starch as eco-friendly substances for the resizing of paper as a conservation practice

Smart, environmentally friendly alternatives, i.e., frankincense and rice starch, are recommended for usage in modern paper conservation processes during the re-sizing process treatments. Different concentrations of starch were applied to samples before after ageing. Multiple analysis methods performed ensure effectiveness these materials. Promising results found, but at varying degrees according type concentration Scanning electron microscopy illustrated that particles completely absorbed into cell walls Results indicated there was no considerable change pH treatment or ageing; best decreasing acidity utilized a with mixture 2 1 ratio (F2S1). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy an increased CH2 region decreased OH stretching as result bonds formed from crystals by frankincense, which agreed coating strength fibers. The total color values all treated ageing less than 4.5. Frankincense found provide supporting wood